ដើម្បីងាយវិភាគខ្ញុំសូមគូសជា ហ្សេម៉ាShema សម្រាប់ពន្យល់ថា មូលីណាកា ស្ថិតក្នុង ក្រុម សម្តេច សីហនុផង និង ក្រុម សម្តេច សឺនសានផង មូលហេតុ ដោយសារ បរទេស គេតម្រូវ ឲ្យមានរដ្ឋាភិបាល ៣ គឺ រដ្ឋាភិបាល សីហនុ រដ្ឋាភិបាល សឺនសាន និង រដ្ឋាភិបាល ខ្មែរក្រហម ដូច្នេះ ក្រុម មូលីណាកាមិនអាចក្លាយជារដ្ឋាភិបាលបានឡើយ។ មានរឿង ២ ដែលត្រូវធ្វើការវិភាគ គឺថា អ្វីជាម៉ូលីណាកា? អ្វីជា ម៉ូលីស្សូ MOLITION? តាមដំណើរទ័ពវាយចូលក្រុងភ្នំពេញឆ្នាំ ១៩៧៥ កងទ័ពមួយក្រុមដឹកនាំដោយចលនា មូលីស្យូ ដែលក្រុមទ័ពរបស់ លន់ ណល់ ស្គាល់គ្នា រាក់ទាក់គ្នា នឹងមានការដកកាំភ្លើងទុក....ភ្លាមៗ មានក្រុមទ័ពមួយទៀត របស់ខ្មែរក្រហមពិតប្រាកដចូលមកដែរ ក៍មានការនិយាយចរចារគ្នា ថាទីនេះ គឺកងទ័ព ម៉ូលីស្យូ កាន់កាប់រួចហើយ ដូច្នេះ សូមសមមិត្តចាកចេទៅ ! ....
អ្នកកាន់កាំភ្លើងខ្លី ក្នុងរូបថតដ៏ល្បីសម័យខ្មៅងងឹតជានរណា?ប្រិយមិត្តភាគច្រើនប្រាកដជាធ្លាប់ឃើញហើយ នូវរូបថតបុរសម្នាក់បង្ហាញសកម្មភាពស្រែកយ៉ាងខ្លាំង កំឡុងស្ថានភាពច្របូកច្របល់នៃថ្ងៃ ១៧ មេសា ឆ្នាំ១៩៧៥ ដែលជាពេលពួកខ្មែរក្រហមចូលកាន់កាប់រដ្ឋធានីភ្នំពេញ ហើយចាប់ផ្ដើមជម្លៀសប្រជាជនខ្មែរចេញពីក្រុង។តាមពិតបុរសនោះមិនមែនជាទាហានខ្មែរក្រហម ដូចអ្វីដែលបណ្ដាញអ៊ីនធឺណែតបានបង្ហាញនោះទេ នេះបើតាមអ្នកកាសែតអាមេរិកយកព័ត៌មានពីសង្គ្រាមនៅស្រុកខ្មែរសម័យទសវត្ស ១៩៧០ លោក Jim Laurie បានបង្ហោះនៅក្នុងបណ្ដាញសង្គមរបស់លោក ដោយលោកបានដកស្រង់សម្ដីមិត្តរួមការងាររបស់លោកឈ្មោះថា Jon Swain ដែលជាអ្នកកាសែតជនជាតិអង់គ្លេស រាយការណ៍បញ្ហាសង្គ្រាមនៅតំបន់ឥណ្ឌូចិន។
លោកបានសរសេរថា បុរសម្នាក់នោះឈ្មោះ ហែម គៀតតារា ដែលជាកូនប្រុសរបស់ឧត្ដមសេនីយ៍ក្នុងសម័យលន់ នល់ នេះបើតាមលោក Laurie។ លោកបានសរសេរថា បុរសរូបនេះមានអាយុ ២៩ឆ្នាំនៅសម័យនោះ បានទៅរៀនស្រុកបារាំង ចេះនិយាយបារាំងស្ទាត់ ហើយមានប្រពន្ធបារាំងទៀតផង។ លោក តារា មកភ្នំពេញវិញនៅឆ្នាំ១៩៧១។
អ្នកកាសែតអាមេរិកនោះបានសរសេរថា លោកដារាបានបង្ហាញឫកក្រអឺតក្រទម ហើយអួតគេឯងថា លោកវាយដាច់ភ្នំពេញ តែគ្នា ៣០០នាក់ ហើយគ្មានអ្នកស្លាប់នោះទេ។ យ៉ាងណាក៏ដោយ ក្រោយមក ពួកខ្មែរក្រហមបានចាប់លោក តារា ហើយប្រហារជីវិតនៅក្រៅក្រសួងព័ត៌មាន ជាមួយនឹងប្អូនប្រុសលន់ នល់ លោកលន់ ណុន នាយករដ្ឋមន្ត្រីសាធារណរដ្ឋខ្មែរចុងក្រោយបង្អស់លោក ឡុង បូរេត ព្រមទាំងឈ្លើយសឹកសង្គ្រាមជាង ៥០នាក់ទៀត៕
រំលឹកខួបទី៤៣ នៃការបែកទីក្រុងភ្នំពេញ ១៧ មេសា ១៩៧៥ - ១៧ មេសា ២០១៨ តើអ្នកដែលឃើញរូបទង់ជាតិនេះទេ? មានឆ្ងល់ថានេះជាទង់ជាតិតំណាងអោយអ្វីទេ? ទង់ជាតិនេះមិនមែនជាទង់ជ័យរបស់ខ្មែរក្រហមទេ តែជាទង់តំណាងអោយ ចលនាជាតិនិយមម៉ូណាត្យូ (MONATIO - Mouvement Nationale) ជាចលនានយោបាយមួយដែលចូលរួមដោយអតីតទាហានលន់នល់ ដែលហត់នឿយនឹងសង្រ្គាមហើយ ដឹកនាំដោយ ឧត្ដមសេនីយ៍ ហែម កេតដារ៉ា ដែលជាអតីតនាយទាហានរដ្ឋាភិបាលលន់នល់ ព្រមទាំងគាំទ្រដោយសំងាត់ពីអតីតមេប៉ូលីសជាតិ លោក លន់ នន់ ប្អូនរបស់លោក លន់នុលទៀតផង។ ពួកគេបានបញ្ចុះបញ្ចូលទាហានលន់នល់ឯទៀតៗ អោយដាក់អាវុធចុះ ហើយបានស្វាគមន៍ ខ្មែរក្រហមយ៉ាងរីករាយនៅពេលដែលខ្មែរក្រហម ចូលទីក្រុងភ្នំពេញនៅថ្ងៃទី១៧មេសាឆ្នាំ១៩៧៥ ក្នុងបំណងកេញចំណេញនយោបាយ ពីលើការដួលរលំរបស់រដ្ឋាភិបាលលន់នល់ ទោះជាយ៉ាងណាសមាជិកនៃចលនានេះ ត្រូវបានខ្មែរក្រហមសំលាប់ចោលទាំងអស់នាពេលក្រោយមក។
MONATIO, short for Mouvement National (French for "National Movement") was a short-lived, supposedly nationalist, political faction in Cambodia. The exact nature of the group is still obscure. On April 17, 1975, as the Khmer Rouge entered Phnom Penh, this group took out a motor-cavalcade on the streets of the capital welcoming the arrival of the Khmer Rouge. According to François Ponchaud's eye-witness report, the group consisted of a handful of soldiers, dressed in black uniforms, accompanied by a number of students. He claims MONATIO was led by Hem Keth Dara (the whole group in turn manipulated by Lon Non, brother of deposed Lon Nol).[1] The Khmer Rouge regime later claimed that MONATIO had been a CIA conspiracy against the revolutionary government.[2]
A movie on the events of 1975, called MONATIO, has been made by Norodom Sihanouk. According to the movie, the communist forces were hardly pleased to be welcomed by MONATIO, and the MONATIO militias were captured and executed
As the Khmer Rouge entered the capital, a small group of soldiers and armed students, styled as the MONATIO and led by Hem Keth Dara, began driving around the city welcoming the arrival of the Khmer Rouge. MONATIO was apparently a creation of Lon Non, in an attempt to share power with the Khmer Rouge. Initially tolerated by the Khmer Rouge, MONATIO members were later rounded up and executed.[9][2]:365[4]:136–7
Several hours later the Khmer Rouge began entering central Phnom Penh from all directions and stationed themselves at the major crossroads where they disarmed FANK soldiers and collected weapons.[2]:365 The disarmed soldiers were then marched to the Olympic Stadium where they were later executed. The Khmer Rouge held a press conference at the Ministry of Information where a number of prisoners, including Lon Non and Hem Keth Dara, were being held. A car carrying Long Boret arrived and he joined the prisoners
Apparently MONATIO first made their appearance early on April 17th and drove around disarming Republican soldiers, which made it much easier when the real Khmer Rouge turned up a few hours later. I've lost count of the times I've seen articles which have photos of MONATIO but are mislabelled "Khmer Rouge enter Phnom Penh."
They aren't difficult to tell apart, one group is fresh-faced and wearing brand new clothes and flip flops rather than tire sandals, and exclusively using US guns, while the other are battle-hardened and wearing a variety of worn outfits and using both US and Chinese/ USSR weapons.
The strangest and perhaps misunderstood were the mysterious Mouvement National ‘MONATIO’ group who appeared spontaneously on the streets of Phnom Penh. Dressed in the black peasant uniform of the ‘Khmer Rouge’ the student group led by Hem Keth Dara were the most photographed by western journalists during the last hours of the republic.
The origins of this sudden seemingly pro-communist group are mysterious- but some believe that they were a ploy by Lon Nol’s brother, Non, to buy favor with the soon-to-be victorious insurgents. Others see the hand of Sihanouk, who perhaps wanted to quietly disarm FANK forces before they could make a last stand, or even as a show of his popularity to his communist allies.
On April 17, Hem Keth Dara, a confessed former ‘playboy’, whose father had been Minister of Information under Lon Nol, ate breakfast with his French wife and two children. At 7 am, he left and met with around 200 followers, dressed ‘in a parody’ of Khmer Rouge fighters. The group moved through the streets encouraging FANK soldiers to give up the fight and lay down their arms, with considerable success. Within 2 hours, with the ‘real’ Khmer Rouge still outside the city, many soldiers, believing peace was at hand tore off their uniforms and the center of town took on what was described as a ‘carnival atmosphere’.
Who was really behind this organized group, described as acting ‘like traffic police for the Khmer Rouge’ who managed to infiltrate the besieged city and disarm a large number of government soldiers with hardly a shot fired? The answer will almost certainly never be known, as Pol Pot denounced MONATIO as CIA spies. Members, along with the man who ‘liberated’ and ‘ruled’ the country for a few short hours, were swiftly rounded up and executed.
Hem Keth Dara is the son of the interior minister under Lon Nol , Hem Keth Sana. Hem Keth Dara preceded the advancing combat units of the Khmer Rouge during the capture of the capital of Cambodia , Phnom Penh . He was the leader of the MONTIO movement , which, as a group of 200 soldiers in black Khmer Rouge uniform , conquered the Ministry of Information on April 17, 1975. [1] They were accompanied by around 500 students and so occupied downtown Phnom Penh within a few hours. The group confiscated weapons from soldiers who holed up in the government district and then surrendered. Within the surprising bloodless conquest, Hem Kath Dara and his followers managed to get the government radio station under control. There he performed a four-minute broadcast declaring he was the leader of a nationalistMovement called MONTIO, which was responsible for the conquest. He called on the government soldiers to lay down their arms and in his address also informed the Khmer Rouge units standing in front of the city: "I have taken measures to enable our older brothers waiting outside of Phnom Penh to easily enter the city without the innocent being killed or harmed. " [2] Hem Keth Dara was then disarmed by the Khmer Rouge because the MONTIO movement did not belong to them and he had acted without authorization. [3]
គណបក្សម៉ូលីណាកា និងអ្នកតស៊ួខ្មែរដើម្បីសេរីភាព គណបក្ស ម៉ូលីណាកា (MOULINAKA)
ក្នុងសម័យមួយរហូតដល់ ១៩៧៩ ក្រុមជនភៀសខ្លួនដ៏ធំបានប្រមូលផ្ដុំគ្នារស់នៅក្នុងជំរំនៅតាមព្រំដែនថៃរួមមនកងប្រដាប់អាវុធខ្លះដែរ:អតីតពួកសាធារណរដ្ឋ ពួករាជានិយម ជាពួកដែលនៅសល់ពីកងពលតូចទី ១៣ របស់ពួកផ្វាំង (FANK) ដែលដើមឡើយដឹកនាំដោយ នរោត្ដម ចន្ទរង្សី និង ពួកចោរព្រៃ ដែលទាញប្រយោជន៍ពីការវឹកវរនេះ ។ ក្នុងឆ្នាំ១៩៧៩ ចំនួនមនុស្សបានប៉ោងធំឡើង ដោយសារកាន់តែមានជនភៀសខ្លួនច្រើនឡើង និងភាពផ្សំបរាជ័យនៃកងទ័ពពួកខ្មែរក្រហម ។
អ្នកនយោបាយម្នាក់ សឺន សាន និងអតីតមេទ័ព ផ្វាំងដៀន ដែលបានបង្កើតកិច្ចខិតខំដើម្បីរៀបចំពួកក្រុម ដែលនៅរប៉ាត់រប៉ាយខ្លះទៅជារណសិរ្សតស៊ូប្រយុទ្ធប្រឆាំង នឹងវត្តមានវៀតណាម ដែលបានបន្តក្លាយជា ខេភីអ៊ែនអ៊ែលអ៊ែផ្វ (KPNLF) នេះគឺជាចលនាមិនមែនកុម្មុយនិស្ត និងជាចលនាពួកសាធារណរដ្ឋដ៏ធំមួយ ។ អតីតមន្ត្រីពីររូបទៀត វរសេនីឯកកងទ័ពជើងទឹក គង់ សិលា និង វរសេនីយឯកកងឆត្រយោង ញឹម សុផុន យ៉ាងណាមិញក៏ត្រូវសំរេចថាពួកគេចង់ឲ្យ មានអង្គការមួយ ជាមួយរចនាសម្ព័ន្ធបញ្ជាការរួមមួយ ផ្ទុយមកវិញ ជាជាងរដ្ឋាភិបាលចំរុះដែលគ្មាន ខេភីអ៊ែនអ៊ែលអ៊ែផ្វ (KPNLF) ហើយក៏បង្កើតឡើងនូវ ម៉ូលីណាកា (MOULINAKA) (Mouvement de Liberation National du Kampuchea) នៅថ្ងៃ៣១សីហា ១៩៧៩ដើម្បីសំរេចគោលបំណងនេះ ។ នេះគឺជាលើកទីមួយហើយ នៃពួកក្រុមតស៊ូសច្ចា នឹង ស្មោះត្រង់ចំពោះព្រះសីហនុ ។
លោកសុផុន បានចូលកម្ពុជាដោយស្ងាត់ដើម្បីរកការគាំទ្របុព្វហេតុរាជានិយម ហើយត្រូវបានចាប់ខ្លួនដោយពួកវៀតណាម លោកបានរៀបចំគេចខ្លួននៅខែមេសា ១៩៨០ និងកាន់តំនែងជាមេដឹកនាំម៉ូលីណាកាតែឯងបន្ទាប់ពីមរណៈភាពនៃលោក គង់ សិលា ពីគ្រុនចាញ់ នៅថ្ងៃ១៦សីហា ១៩៨០ ។
លោកសុផុន បានចូលកម្ពុជាដោយស្ងាត់ដើម្បីរកការគាំទ្របុព្វហេតុរាជានិយម ហើយត្រូវបានចាប់ខ្លួនដោយពួកវៀតណាម លោកបានរៀបចំគេចខ្លួននៅខែមេសា ១៩៨០ និងកាន់តំនែងជាមេដឹកនាំម៉ូលីណាកាតែឯងបន្ទាប់ពីមរណៈភាពនៃលោក គង់ សិលា ពីគ្រុនចាញ់ នៅថ្ងៃ១៦សីហា ១៩៨០ ។
The MOULINAKA (Khmer: ម៉ូលីណាកា; Mouvement pour la Liberation Nationale du Kampuchea; Movement for the National Liberation of Kampuchea) was a pro-Sihanouk military organization formed in August 1979 by an armed group on the Thai-Cambodian border.
MOULINAKA was formed on August 31, 1979 by Kong Sileah, a Naval Captain during the Khmer Republic who had been in France, after he refused General Dien Del's offer to join other border warlords in forming the Khmer People's National Liberation Front (KPNLF). Sileah wanted a united organisation instead of a front, as well as a unified command structure. It was the first resistance group to pledge loyalty to Prince Norodom Sihanouk, later becoming the military wing of his FUNCINPEC party. MOULINAKA received most of its backing from French-based Cambodian exiles and its support base was in the refugee camps along the Thai-Cambodian border, principally Nong Chan Refugee Camp near Aranyaprathet.[1] The MOULINAKA was the forerunner of the more recognized umbrella organization ANS or Armée Nationale Sihanoukiste.[2]
Sileah died at age 45 on August 16, 1980, apparently of malaria, and paratroop colonel Nhem Sophon took over sole control of MOULINAKA.[3] General In Tam later took charge of military operations of the ANS.[4] He was succeeded in 1985 by Sihanouk's son, Norodom Ranariddh.
In 1992, a splinter group from the FUNCINPEC party, the MOULINAKA Nakator-Sou (Kampuchean Freedom Fighter Party) was formed by Prum Neakaareach. The party took part in the 1993 elections and won one seat in Kampong Cham but was dissolved in 1998 due to infighting.
MOULINAKA also joined Hun Sen's Cambodian People's Party (CPP) after the 1993 elections, dealing a blow to FUNCINPEC, for they had both previously fought together against the PRK/SOC Pro-Hanoi regime, and because FUNCINPEC had given the MOULINAKA a government position at their own expense
ប្រវត្តិកងទ័ពជាតិ លន់ នល់ ១៩៧០-១៩៧៥
The Khmer National Armed Forces (French: Forces armées nationales khmères, FANK) were the official armed defense forces of the Khmer Republic, a short-lived state that existed from 1970 to 1975, known today as Cambodia. The FANK was the successor of the Royal Khmer Armed Forces (Forces armées royales khmères, FARK) which had been responsible for the defense of the previous Kingdom of Cambodia since its independence in 1954 from France.
General overview
Being essentially a continuation of the old Royal armed forces under a new name, the FANK played a more partisan role in the Cambodian Civil War that escalated following the deposition as Head of State of Prince Norodom Sihanouk by a coup d’état in March 1970 orchestrated by his own Prime-Minister General Lon Nol. Although the armed forces of the Kingdom had been involved since April 1967 in the suppression of the Communist Party of Kampuchea's rebellion led by Saloth Sar (better known as Pol Pot), up until Sihanouk's overthrow it was considered to have the consensual backing of the Cambodian society, as the Prince was considered the symbol of the people.
History
General Lon Nol, President of the Khmer Republic.
On November 20, 1953, the French protectorate of Cambodia was granted full independence by France, allowing the young King Norodom Sihanouk to lead the government of the first post-colonial state in French-ruled Indochina. Under the terms of the Geneva Accords signed the following year which ended the Indochina War, French Army and Vietnamese Vietminh guerrilla units still operating in Cambodia were obliged to withdraw from its territory and that a new defense force was to be raised. Trained by the French and equipped by the United States since September 1950,[1] the armed forces of the new Kingdom of Cambodia (FARK) were formed mainly by Khmer regular soldiers recently transferred from French colonial units, though ex-Vietminh and former Khmer Issarak guerrillas of Khmer origin were also allowed to join.
Most of the senior members of the Officer corps had been officials in the colonial regime. Lon Nol, for example, served as Commander of the Cambodian Police under the French protectorate. In 1955 Gen. Lon was promoted to Chief-of-Staff of the FARK, and in 1960 was appointed Minister of Defense. Meanwhile, Cambodia was admitted as a protocol state member of the US-sponsored SEATO alliance and under his command the FARK became a bastion of American influence on the Sihanouk regime, particularly because US military aid constituted 30% of the armed forces’ budget until August 1964, when it was renounced by the Cambodian government. Following his faction's seizure of a large number of seats of the ruling Sangkum party's representation at the National Assembly in the 1966 general elections, Gen. Lon was elected Prime-Minister, thereby locking the state institutions under the firm grip of the military, just as Sihanouk had feared. However, he resigned from the post in 1967 after a car accident, only to return two years later when the monarch mounted a renewed purge against leftist dissidents.
As a representative of the conservative Khmer who had supported the French rule, Lon Nol never accepted Sihanouk's neutralist policy of non-alignment. Though the Prince's sporadic purges of leftist movements would quench Lon's wrath at the growing communist insurgency, what truly worried him was Sihanouk's covert deals with North Vietnam and the Viet Cong, which allowed them to establish base-camps on the Cambodian side of the border with South Vietnam and built a massive supply infrastructure. Lon also knew that Sihanouk's balancing appeasement of the US from 1968 onwards by allowing B-52 aerial bombings and ‘hot pursuit’ cross-border raids against NVA/VC base areas within Cambodia would be ineffective in stopping the wider, home-grown insurgency. One of the measures he was able to undertake was the build-up of a strong anti-communist faction within the FARK's officer corps that would back him should Sihanouk shift again towards the left.
ប្រវត្តិកងទ័ពជាតិ លន់ នល់ ១៩៧០-១៩៧៥
The Khmer National Armed Forces (French: Forces armées nationales khmères, FANK) were the official armed defense forces of the Khmer Republic, a short-lived state that existed from 1970 to 1975, known today as Cambodia. The FANK was the successor of the Royal Khmer Armed Forces (Forces armées royales khmères, FARK) which had been responsible for the defense of the previous Kingdom of Cambodia since its independence in 1954 from France.
General overview
Being essentially a continuation of the old Royal armed forces under a new name, the FANK played a more partisan role in the Cambodian Civil War that escalated following the deposition as Head of State of Prince Norodom Sihanouk by a coup d’état in March 1970 orchestrated by his own Prime-Minister General Lon Nol. Although the armed forces of the Kingdom had been involved since April 1967 in the suppression of the Communist Party of Kampuchea's rebellion led by Saloth Sar (better known as Pol Pot), up until Sihanouk's overthrow it was considered to have the consensual backing of the Cambodian society, as the Prince was considered the symbol of the people.
History
General Lon Nol, President of the Khmer Republic.
On November 20, 1953, the French protectorate of Cambodia was granted full independence by France, allowing the young King Norodom Sihanouk to lead the government of the first post-colonial state in French-ruled Indochina. Under the terms of the Geneva Accords signed the following year which ended the Indochina War, French Army and Vietnamese Vietminh guerrilla units still operating in Cambodia were obliged to withdraw from its territory and that a new defense force was to be raised. Trained by the French and equipped by the United States since September 1950,[1] the armed forces of the new Kingdom of Cambodia (FARK) were formed mainly by Khmer regular soldiers recently transferred from French colonial units, though ex-Vietminh and former Khmer Issarak guerrillas of Khmer origin were also allowed to join.
Most of the senior members of the Officer corps had been officials in the colonial regime. Lon Nol, for example, served as Commander of the Cambodian Police under the French protectorate. In 1955 Gen. Lon was promoted to Chief-of-Staff of the FARK, and in 1960 was appointed Minister of Defense. Meanwhile, Cambodia was admitted as a protocol state member of the US-sponsored SEATO alliance and under his command the FARK became a bastion of American influence on the Sihanouk regime, particularly because US military aid constituted 30% of the armed forces’ budget until August 1964, when it was renounced by the Cambodian government. Following his faction's seizure of a large number of seats of the ruling Sangkum party's representation at the National Assembly in the 1966 general elections, Gen. Lon was elected Prime-Minister, thereby locking the state institutions under the firm grip of the military, just as Sihanouk had feared. However, he resigned from the post in 1967 after a car accident, only to return two years later when the monarch mounted a renewed purge against leftist dissidents.
As a representative of the conservative Khmer who had supported the French rule, Lon Nol never accepted Sihanouk's neutralist policy of non-alignment. Though the Prince's sporadic purges of leftist movements would quench Lon's wrath at the growing communist insurgency, what truly worried him was Sihanouk's covert deals with North Vietnam and the Viet Cong, which allowed them to establish base-camps on the Cambodian side of the border with South Vietnam and built a massive supply infrastructure. Lon also knew that Sihanouk's balancing appeasement of the US from 1968 onwards by allowing B-52 aerial bombings and ‘hot pursuit’ cross-border raids against NVA/VC base areas within Cambodia would be ineffective in stopping the wider, home-grown insurgency. One of the measures he was able to undertake was the build-up of a strong anti-communist faction within the FARK's officer corps that would back him should Sihanouk shift again towards the left.
ព្រឹកថ្ងៃ១៧មេសា! តើពួកខោខ្មៅអាវខ្មៅ ទង់សញ្ញាជើងក្អែកនេះ ជានរណា?
ប្រភព September 21, 2020
ស្រាវជ្រាវដោយ ឈឹម សេរីភួន ៖ ថ្ងៃទី១៧ ខែមេសា ឆ្នាំ១៩៧៥ ពេលដែលកងទ័ពខ្មែរក្រហមចូលទីក្រុងភ្នំពេញ នៅវេលាម៉ោង៨:០០ព្រឹក គេឃើញក្រុមប្រដាប់អាវុធប្រមាណ៤០នាក់ស្លៀកពាក់ខ្មៅជាប្រភេទក្រណាត់សាច់ល្អ ខ្លះបង់កក្រមា ខ្លះស្លៀកពាក់ជាជនស៊ីវិលធម្មតា ហើយភាគច្រើនទុកសក់វែងបន្តិច អមសិស្សនិស្សិតនៅទីក្រុងភ្នំពេញ ប្រមាណ២០០នាក់ បាននាំគ្នាលើកទង់សញ្ញាជើងក្អែកព្រោងព្រាត ដង្ហែក្បួននៅតាមបណ្ដោយផ្លូវព្រះមុនីវង្ស។ ពេលនោះនរណាៗ គិតថា ពួកនេះជាកងទ័ពខ្មែរក្រហម ដែលចូលមករំដោះទីក្រុងភ្នំពេញ មុនគេដែរ។
ពួកនេះបានធ្វើសកម្មភាពចាប់ដៃស្វាគមន៍ជាមួយពួកទាហានលន់ នល់ ។ ខ្លះបាននាំគ្នាជិះរថយន្ត ឬម៉ូតូកាន់ក្បាលមេក្រូ ស្រែកបញ្ជាឱ្យពួកទាហានលន់ នល់ ទម្លាក់អាវុធ និងឲ្យប្រជាជនស៊ីវិលនៅតាមផ្ទះនាំគ្នាលើកទង់សគ្រប់ៗផ្ទះ ដើម្បីស្វាគមន៍កងទ័ពខ្មែរក្រហមដែលចូលមកដល់ទីក្រុងភ្នំពេញ ។ ចំណែកពួកគេមួយចំនួនទៀតបានធ្វើសកម្មភាព ឃាត់និងឆែកឆេរខ្លួននប្រាណពួកទាហានលន់ នល់ ហើយខ្លះនាំគ្នាចាប់ដៃស្វាគមន៍រាក់ទាក់ជាមួយជាមួយអ្នកកាសែតបរទេស និងប្រជាពលរដ្ឋផងដែរ។
ឈ្មោះហែម តេកដារ៉ា ក្រុមប្រដាប់អាវុធខោខ្មៅអាវខ្មៅ មានទង់សញ្ញាជើងក្អែកនេះ បានដឹកនាំដង្ហែក្បួនតាមមហាវិថីព្រះមុនីវង្ស ឆ្ពោះទៅផ្សារធំថ្មី រួចបន្តទៅមុខធនាគារជាតិកម្ពុជា ដែលនៅតាមបណ្ដោយមហាវិថីព្រះនរោត្តម រួចហើយកាត់តាមសួនច្បារស្ពាននាគ ខាងត្បូងរមណីយក្រសួងឃោសនាការ ដែលបានអាក់ខានការផ្សាយរបស់ខ្លួនជាច្រើនម៉ោងហើយនោះ ក៏ចាប់ផ្ដើមផ្សាយឡើងវិញដោយចាក់បទចម្រៀងជាសាច់ភ្លេងសុទ្ធជាបន្តបន្ទាប់។ ពេលនោះ ពួកឧត្តមសេនីយ៍មួយចំនួន ដូចជា៖ ឧត្តមសេនីយ៍ឈឹម ឈួន, ឧត្តមសេនីយ៍លន់ ណុន (ប្អូនរបស់លន់ នល់) , ឧត្តមសេនីយ៍ប៉ូលលី តៃសួន អែមម៉េ និងឧត្តមសេនីយ៍ម៉ី ស៊ីចន ជានាយការិយាល័យទី៣ នៃអគ្គបញ្ជាការកងទ័ពនៃរបបសាធារណរដ្ឋខ្មែរ និងមន្រ្តីស៊ីវិលជាន់ខ្ពស់ជាច្រើននាក់ទៀត បាននាំជួបជុំគ្នានៅក្រសួងឃោសនាការ ក្នុងបំណងមកបង្ហាញមុខ ដើម្បីត្រៀមខ្លួនទទួលពួកមេដឹកនាំខ្មែរក្រហម ផងដែរ ។
បន្ទាប់មកទៀត គេឃើញឧត្តមសេនីយ៍ម៉ី ស៊ីចន បានឡើងប្រកាសអំពាវនាវតាមវិទ្យុផ្ទាល់ ទៅកាន់ពួកទាហានលន់ នល់ ទាំងអស់ឱ្យទម្លាក់អាវុធ និងឲ្យមន្ត្រីស៊ីវិលជាន់ខ្ពស់ និងនាយទាហានជាន់ខ្ពស់ផ្សេងៗទាំងអស់ ដែលមិនទាន់មានវត្តមាននៅក្រសួងព័ត៌មាន នោះ មកជួបជុំគ្នានៅក្រសួងព័ត៌មាន ដើម្បីធ្វើការចរចាជាមួយមេដឹកនាំខ្មែរក្រហម។ តែពេលនោះឧត្តមសេនីយ៍ ម៉ី ស៊ីចន ប្រកាសមិនទាន់ចប់ផង ស្រាប់តែ ឈ្មោះហែម តេកដារ៉ា មេដឹកនាំក្រុមប្រដាប់អាវុធខោខ្មៅអាវខ្មៅ មានទង់សញ្ញាជើងក្អែកនោះ បានដើរប្រជ្រៀតហ្វុងមនុស្សទៅយកក្បាលមេក្រូចេញពីដៃឧត្តមសេនីយ៍ ម៉ី ស៊ីចន ហើយស្រែកប្រកាសខ្លួនឯងថា យើងមកនេះគឺពុំមែនមកចរចាទេ គឺមកក្នុងនាមជ័យជម្នះរបស់ចលនាម៉ូណាស្យូ (MONATIO) របស់យើង។ ពាក្យថា MONATIO នេះ ជាពាក្យកាត់ជាភាសាបារាំង MO មកពីពាក្យពេញMOUVEMENT បូកនឹង NATIO ពីពាក្យពេញ NATIONALIST (MO.NATIO = MOUVEMENT NATIONALIST) ដែលប្រែជាភាសាខ្មែរថា ចលនាជាតិនិយម។
បន្ទាប់មក ឈ្មោះហែម តេកដារ៉ា មេដឹកនាំក្រុមប្រដាប់អាវុធខោខ្មៅអាវខ្មៅនោះ បានប្រកាសអំពាវនាវដល់ពួកមេខ្មែរក្រហមថា យើងខ្ញុំជាប្អូនសូមអញ្ជើញបងៗមកចូលរួមប្រជុំជាមួយយើងខ្ញុំ ដើម្បីដោះស្រាយបញ្ហាប្រទេសជាតិ និងបង្កើតរដ្ឋាភិបាលថ្មីមួយនៅពេលបញ្ចប់សង្គ្រាមនាពេលនេះ។
ពេលនោះដែរ គេឃើញក្រុមអ្នកកាសែតជាតិ និងអន្តរជាតិជាច្រើន បាននាំគ្នាចោមរោមថតរូប និងធ្វើសម្ភាសន៍ជាមួយឈ្មោះហែម តេកដារ៉ា នៅមុខអគារក្រសួងឃោសនាការ តែម្ដង។ ក្នុងនោះដែរ គេឃើញលោកស៊ីដនី ស្កាន់ប័ក (Sydney Schanberg) អ្នកយកព័ត៌មានកាសែតអាមេរិក The New York Times បានជួបសម្ភាសផ្ទាល់ជាមួយឈ្មោះហែម តេកដារ៉ា នោះដែរ។
នៅវេលាម៉ោងជិត១១ កងទ័ពខ្មែរក្រហមរាប់សិបនាក់ បានធ្វើដំណើរចូលមកដល់មុខក្រសួងឃោសនាការ ដែរ ប៉ុន្តែត្រូវបាន ហែម តេកដារ៉ា ប្រាប់ឱ្យចាកចេញទៅវិញ ព្រោះពួកខ្លួនបានចូលកាន់កាប់ក្រសួងឃោសនាការ នេះហើយ។ ដោយឃើញក្រុមប្រដាប់អាវុធរបស់ហែម តេកដារ៉ា នេះស្លៀកពាក់ខ្មៅដូចពួកខ្លួនដែរ ហើយកុំឲ្យមានបញ្ហាជាមួយគ្នា កងទ័ពខ្មែរក្រហមទាំងអស់នោះ បានបង្ខំចិត្តដកខ្លួនទៅកន្លែងផ្សេងទៀតទាំងមិនអស់ចិត្ត ដោយមានការងឿងឆ្ងល់យ៉ាងខ្លាំង ព្រោះឃើញក្រុមប្រដាប់អាវុធរបស់ហែម តេកដារ៉ា នេះ មានលក្ខណៈខុសប្លែកជាច្រើនចំណុចពីកងទ័ពខ្មែរក្រហមផ្សេងៗទៀត៕ (នៅមានត ភាគក្រោយទៀត)
អរគុណណាស់ ហើយសុំសរសើរនិងជួយលើកទឹកចិត្តឱ្យបន្តស្រាវជ្រាវថែមទៀត
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